Evolution Labs - Coacervates Lab

Advancement Labs - Coacervates Lab Coacervates are a real existence like creation that demonstrate that life may have framed from straightforward natural substances under the correct conditions that inevitably prompted the development of prokaryotes. Now and then called protocells, these coacervates imitate life by making vacuoles and development. Everything necessary to make these coacervates is protein, sugars, and a balanced pH. This is handily done in the lab and afterward the coacervates can be concentrated under a magnifying lens to watch their life-like properties. Materials: goggleslab coats or defensive covering for clothescompound light microscopemicroscope slidescoverslipstest tube racksmall culture tubes (one cylinder for each student)rubber plug or top that fits the way of life tubeone medication dropper per tube0.1M HCl solutionpH papercoacervate blend Making the coacervate blend: Blend 5 pieces of 1% gelatin arrangement with 3 sections 1% gum acacia arrangement upon the arrival of the lab (the 1% arrangements can be made up early). Gelatin can be bought at either the market or a science gracefully organization. Gum acacia is truly reasonable and can be purchased from some science flexibly organizations. Technique: Put on the goggles and sterile jackets for wellbeing. There is corrosive utilized in this lab, so additional safeguards ought to be taken when working with the chemicals.Use great lab rehearses when setting up the magnifying instrument. Ensure the magnifying instrument slide and coverslip are spotless and prepared for use.Obtain a perfect culture tube and a test tube rack to hold it. Top off the way of life tube most of the way with the coacervate blend which is a mix of 5 sections gelatin (a protein) to 3 sections gum acacia (a carbohydrate).Use a dropper to put a drop of the blend onto a bit of pH paper and record the underlying pH.Add a drop of corrosive to the cylinder and afterward spread the finish of the cylinder with an elastic plug (or culture tube top) and upset the whole cylinder once to blend. On the off chance that this is done appropriately, it will turn to some degree shady. On the off chance that the shadiness vanishes, include another drop of corrosive and transform the cylinder indeed to blend. Keep including drops of corrosive until the shadiness remains. In all probability, this won't take multiple drops. In the event that it takes more than that, check to be certain you have the correct convergence of corrosive. At the point when it remains overcast, check the pH by putting a drop on pH paper and record the pH. Spot a drop of the overcast coacervate blend on a slide. Spread the blend in with a coverslip, and quest under low force for your example. It should seem as though clear, round air pockets with littler air pockets inside. On the off chance that you are experiencing difficulty finding your coacervates, have a go at modifying the light of the microscope.Switch the magnifying lens to high power. Draw a regular coacervate.Add three additional drops of corrosive, each in turn, modifying the cylinder to blend after each single drop. Take a drop of the new blend and test its pH by putting it on the pH paper.After washing your unique coacervates off of your magnifying instrument slide (and the coverslip, as well), put a drop of the new blend on the slide and spread with the coverslip.Find another coacervate on low intensity of your magnifying lens, at that point change to high power and draw it on your paper.Be cautious with tidy up of this lab. Follow all security strategies for working wit h corrosive when cleaning. Basic Thinking Questions: Look into the materials you utilized in this lab to make coacervates to the alleged materials accessible on the antiquated Earth.At what pH did the coacervate beads structure? What does this inform you regarding the causticity of the old seas (in the event that it is expected this is how life formed)?What happened to the coacervates after you included the additional drops of corrosive? Speculate how you could get the first coacervates to return into your solution.Is there a way coacervates might be increasingly noticeable when glancing through a magnifying lens? Make a controlled examination to test your theory. Lab adjusted from unique method by the University of Indiana

Exam Notes - Strategic Management Analysis Essay - 1

Test Notes - Strategic Management Analysis - Essay Example The organization takes part in the matter of delivering electric vehicles that are more effective and speaking to numerous clients than the steam vehicles. It exists to improve the natural conditions that the past trains have corrupted because of the significant level of ozone depleting substances that they transmit into the air. In spite of the unbending nature and unpredictability of the engine business, Better Place Company helps out all partners to control a sisable piece of the overall industry and beat rivalry. For instance, the organization targets corporate customers to be the possible purchasers of electric vehicles it means to produce. This gathering of partners is basic in light of the fact that the focused on shoppers can impact the activities in the organization by either impelling it to achievement in the market or decreasing its strength on the off chance that they will not buy the items. Governments are the second significant partners for the organization. They incorp orate national governments and nearby specialists of the nation and explicit regions where the organization works an establishment. For example, the organization works in the United States and means to open branches in Israel, Denmark, Japan, Canada, and Australia among others universally. The branch in Israel is noteworthy to the organization since it has practical experience in innovative work to improve the nature of yield. This implies the organization must work with the individual legislature of every nation to guarantee continuous tasks and maintainability. These legislatures are similarly significant in light of the fact that their strategies, in territories of tax assessment and electric utility may influence the organization. The other significant class of partners for this organization is its providers. This gathering incorporates vehicle producers, battery organizations and investment firms whose commitments and impacts to the organization are gigantic. For instance, inve stment firms are critical to the association since they give the genuinely necessary money to startup. For example, they helped the organization to raise an aggregate of $200 million to start the business (Etzion and Struben 2011, p. 2). Battery makers, including Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd, A123 Systems and Automotive Energy Supply Corporation are likewise huge in light of the fact that they would give network to the electronic vehicles with exchanging stations, situated to charge and trade batteries so the vehicles would transform them at comfort (Etzion and Struben 2011, p. 6). Also, there must be battery chargers at each station capacitated to charge the batteries inside the most brief time conceivable. The vehicle producers, for example, General Motors, Ford, Subaru, Mitsubishi, and Toyota would give specialists who will add to the advancement of the electric vehicles (Etzion and Struben 2011, p. 12). Figure1: Stakeholder Analysis Topic 2 - Industry and Scenario Analyses In this situation, the examination is on Porter’s five powers, including the providers, likely contestants, purchasers, substitutes, and serious competition that remarkably affect the advancement of the organization (Porter 2008, p. 3). Unquestionably, the organization comprehends that adjustments in the methods for transportation originated from the need to counter the expanding animals’ squanders and aggravation that they caused in urban focuses. Different changes that required the assembling of electric vehicles were the appropriation of clean vitality and other fluid energizes, which incorporate ethanol, lamp fuel and gas notwithstanding petroleum (Etzion and Struben

The Portinari Altarpiece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Portinari Altarpiece - Essay Example There are different subjects in the work of art as on the left is Tommaso Partinari, Saint Thomas, and Anthony Abbot, while the two children of Tomasso, Pigello, and Antonio are stooping down. The correct board holds the pictures of Maria Maddalena Portinari, the spouse of Tomasso and their oldest kid, Margherita and close by them is Saint Margaret of Antioch and Mary Magdalene. At the focal point of the workmanship piece, Jesus is laying on the ground while shepherds and heavenly attendants are bowing before Him (Levy, Macy and Van, 2012). At the focal point of the workmanship piece, there are different items and components with representative significance just as meaningful figures. The focal board speaks to the Adoration of Christ as it delineates Mary in a profound petition giving her acknowledgment of what her youngster will endure as the rescuer of mankind. Therefore, the Holy Family is uncovered in Bethlehem in a trough with shepherds, creatures, and holy messengers as Baby Jesus lies on the ground encompassed by a variety of brilliant light. In the frontal area, there are two urns of blossoms and wheat that speak to the Passion and Eucharist (Ridderbos, Hagopian, and McCormick, 2005). The wheat speaks to the Last Supper where Jesus cut off the bread. The white lilies portraying the littler container exemplify the faultless and immaculateness origination of Christ while the orange ones speak to Christ’s â€Å"Passion† in his later life. Therefore, the subsequent jar holds columbine and purple blosso ms that compare to the â€Å"Seven Sorrows of the Virgin.† In the setting of the left sheet, Joseph and pregnant Mary are seen getting away to Egypt, while the foundation in focal board; holy messengers visit the Shepherds and on the right, the Three Magi are headed to Bethlehem (Kleiner, 2012).

Recycled Toothbrushes Make Sense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Reused Toothbrushes Make Sense - Essay Example Furthermore, a few people as a rule don't want to utilize toothbrushes made out of reused stuff, maybe as a result of the reasons of cleanliness and the feeling of abhorrence related with toothbrushes made out of reused plastic. Recycline could upgrade the change rate to its toothbrushes by telling its clients that they are made of food grade reused plastic beginning from the yogurt bundling of a dependable food organization like Stonyfield Farm. Other than Stonyfield is a previously settled brand. Recycline’s relationship with it will add to its image esteem. 2. Hudson is now acquiring the crude material from Stonyfield Farm. It could put the notices at the stores selling Stonyfield items with snappy trademarks like â€Å"Waste nothing, practice environmental awareness, and let your yogurt compartment be your toothbrush.† If Stonyfield Farm permits Hudson to do as such, he could undoubtedly change over a major section of Stonyfield’s clients to its items, without making critical speculations. Stonyfield Farm likewise stands to pick up from this move, as it will fortify its green accreditations. Maybe Stonyfield may consent to share the promoting expenses or convey the Recycline logo on its item bundling. In the present occasions, another way of life has risen that focuses on mindful utilization. Recycline can connect with and take part in the exercises of associations and foundations that chip away at ecological assurance and appreciate a decent after and brand mindfulness. By partner with such associations, Hudson can expect to change over a decent piece of their adherents to its items. Additionally, being seen as related with green associations will give Hudson plentiful free exposure and support the open impression of its items. 3. Reusing isn't only about utilizing reused crude materials to reduce expenses, yet a rising lifestyle. This

Law and Bioethics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Law and Bioethics - Term Paper Example Discoveries The discoveries continuing from the meeting show unmistakably that the jobs that bioethics board of trustees apportion are hallowed to the issuance of social insurance administrations and consideration. Going to the gathering and doing the meeting underscored the numerous jobs that these panels meet. One of the capacities that bioethics advisory groups play is case audit. Especially, bioethics boards of trustees watch both unconstrained and customary gatherings so as to give a discussion to breaking down moral inquiries which radiate from treatment of patients. This is particularly the situation when moral inquiries concerning proper consideration for patients with reduced ability to settle on choices concerning the social insurance administrations being released emerge. In this light, bioethics panels may attempt to give advice and backing to human services experts and suppliers, the patient, relatives of the patients and substitutes. In particular, a bioethics advisory group will do a case survey when there is a genuine moral perplexity or equivocalness, in which the case audit will help give a response to the complex moral difficulty. Case audits may likewise be completed by the board when a choice that includes the withdrawal of life-supporting treatment and offices is up and coming. This is explicitly the situation when the treatment or the patient’s ailment isn't expressly expressed in human services approaches and strategies. Contextual analyses may likewise be done in cases where there is a contradiction on a moral angle encompassing the patient’s care, between medicinal services suppliers on one hand and the patient and their families then again. It is critical to consider the way that in regard to case audit, the central job of the board of trustees isn't to go about as a dynamic organ, however as an organ that helps and accords backing to the party in question. Similarly as Dzur (2002) reveals, Bioethics boards of trustees a dditionally liaise with clinic organization, various offices and divisions of the emergency clinic and the clinical and nursing staff, so as to complete instructive projects or activities. For this situation, clinical morals is the most instructed subject. In this manner, bioethics advisory groups help other people additionally do addresses, workshop programs, classes, in-administration projects and adjusts in clinical morals. Furnishing members with information on moral standards, ideas and language expected to handle moral parts of contemporary clinical or medical clinic practice remains as one of the most notable element of this instructive exertion. From the meeting and the gathering participation, it likewise turned out to be certain that the board of trustees additionally assumes a critical job in assessing and creating clinic approach. In particular, the board of trustees causes the expert staff to create methodology and strategies on repetitive moral issues, issues and quest ions. These issues and questions essentially address repetitive moral issues and moral quandary which emerge as patients are being agreed medicinal services administrations. So as to administer this job, the board may need to give an investigation of existing moral issues or proposed arrangements. The board of trustees may likewise need to help grow new institutional or authoritative arrangements in significant territories. It likewise developed obviously that one of the components that moves the adequacy of a bioethics committe

New stuff on MyMIT, and more

New stuff on MyMIT, and more Im back in Boston now after two trips to Washington, DC in the past week and a half. As always, my recent trip meant missing some cool events at MIT, including the Latke versus Hamentashen Debate [editorial comment: wheres the debate? Latkes are clearly superior!] and another Nobel lecture, this time by Wolfgang Ketterle (though I had him for freshman physics, so I got to hear him speak 3x/week). Admitted students, log into your MyMIT portal, where youll find the Class of 2009 guestbook directory (post your picture!), a list of local admitted student meetings (some as early as tomorrow!), and information about Campus Preview Weekend. And even more information is heading your way, as Daniel has announced that financial aid letters will be mailed today to those students who completed their financial aid applications before March 11. If you havent yet completed your financial aid application, do so as soon as possible! Over the weekend, I hope to answer the backlog of questions, talk a bit about the waitlist, and more. Again, congratulations to the Class of 2009!

Great Songs to Listen to While Working Essay - 550 Words

Great Songs to Listen to While Working (Essay Sample) Content: Name:Professorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s name:Course number:Date:Great songs to listen to while working. DiscussMusic has been long associated with increasing the rate at which one can accomplish a piece of work and even boost productivity at the work place but it all depends with the set type of music one listens to while working. This is because while the right type of music can make work fly and increase a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s productivity while the complete opposite can be achieved by playing the "wrong type" of music while working. Therefore the trick lies in balancing between playing the "right" type of music to enhance productivity and make working an enjoyable experience.Scientifically, the best type of music to listen to while working should be able to relax your mind, drown out distractions and hone your focus towards the work you are doing. Despite this knowledge, the relationship between work and music highly depends on a couple of things. One of them is the noise environ ment of your workspace, whether it is too noisy to warrant a good type of "noise" of music as compared to the natural cacophony or it is too quiet that any type of music would be deemed as a distraction. It also depends with an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s attention span and the likelihood of them fiddling with work versus playing along to the beats. Due to these aspects, the results from studies of music at work often conflict but it is generally acknowledgeable that music can boost a workerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s work rate and productivity but only if they are willing to.For workers whose productivity has been proven to increase when listening to music, great songs for them to listen to while working would be unfamiliar songs as opposed to the songs they love. So if one likes hip-hop for example, (s)he should not listen to hip-hop while working but rather country music or any other type that (s)he doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t typically enjoy. This is because despite the fact that familiar music will give you pleasure, it will also release the hormone à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"dopamineà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ in the brain which will distract you and therefore unfamiliar ...

Baseball Developing A Youth Baseball Program Essay

Vital Baseball: Developing a Youth Baseball Program Can a youth baseball program really be considered a business? Just because the Vital Baseball organization does not turn a profit can the managing partners really market the brand to one day fully fund their future endeavors? To find these things out a SWOT and market analysis has been conducted on the organization and the brand as a whole to see what the future viability can actually be. A SWOT analysis is a determination of an organizations strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The SWOT analysis was conducted but other things were evaluated as well. Strategic planning in any organization is key to the future viability of the brand and the strategic future planning of the Vital Baseball organization was assessed. The course of the organization has been plotted to see where they will be in the next three years. Again a youth baseball organization may not be a for profit organization but to be viable for many years the organization must be managed smartly and in a m anner that supports the goals of the entire organization. Vital Baseball History The Vital Baseball organization was founded in early 2015 in the northern part of the state of Utah. The strategic plan of the founding managers was to build an organization that supports youth baseball at every age level. â€Å"First and foremost, strategic planning is a process† (Abraham, 2012, p. 1.7). This process is not to be taken lightly and the VitalShow MoreRelatedLife Lessons From Little League1741 Words   |  7 Pagesautobiography Life Lessons from Little League, Vincent Fortanasce says â€Å"Winning is never final, and losing is never fatal.† At the end of a game, one team will win and the other will lose. Failure to accept this concept has become detrimental to American youth sports organizations. Our society has become infatuated with winning, and all of the additional perks associated with it. What is considered the â€Å"best† for children as young as five years old has grown to an unrealistic extent. Parents want their childrenRead MoreAre Sports Programs For Children And Teenagers Too Intense?1539 Words   |  7 PagesAre sports programs for children and teenagers too intense? Youth sports are being questioned by the public as being too intense. One of the reasons for this is that sport specialization is up to a record high 25 percent(Sirs). This means that one in every four people are only playing one sport which can lead to injuries and psychological issues. Another issue is injuries in youth sports. Most specifically football is being researched intensely for head injuries that can hurt the children forRead MoreThe Little League Of The Baseball Cap1599 Words   |  7 PagesFrom a young age, girls and boys are separated in all walks of life; none is truer than in sports, especially baseball. In 1939 Little League Baseball was founded for anyone between the ages of 5 and 18; leading with their motto Courage, Character, and Loyalty. This idea of courage was especially true in the year 1950, when Kathryn Johnston tucker her hair under her baseball cap, took on the nickname â€Å"Tubby† and posed as a boy for her local teams tryouts. It was not u ntil after she made the teamRead MoreThe Benefits of Youth Sport Essay2219 Words   |  9 Pages If children are already active at a young age, why not encourage them to continue by enrolling them in an organized youth sport program? 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Technological – Founder, Kevin Plank found a niche, anRead MoreHcss Essay1674 Words   |  7 Pagesand ALS is much better than in the late 1960’s when CTE’s and ALS are a thing in the past. The sports world into stopping the progression and spreading of ALS in the youth and the professional sports is concussion protocols for professionals and a program called Heads-Up is for the youth sports. Heads-Up is their for when youth sports and high school sports for concussions. When a player gets knocked out or if they look a little wobbly, they get called in to check if they have a concussion. TheRead MorePlaying Through The Pain : Sports And Injury1468 Words   |  6 Pagestime away from sport, which may even prevent them from following their rehabilitation program effectively. Additionally, the return to sport itself yields a new set of adversities as athletes must navigate through personal fears and a desire to return to their pre-injury state along with team, family and coaching-related issues. (Jim Taylor, 1997) With the increasing participation and competitive level of youth sports, more adolescent and pediatric patients are being treated for a variety of injuries

Divine Intervention The American Revolution - 1265 Words

Divine interventions effect in the American Revolution Imagine if the American Patriots had not been followers of faith, their hard fought fight for independence would have been lost. The effect of God on the revolution was essential to the victory of the Americans. Divine intervention led the Continental Army through the hardships of Valley Forge in the terrible winter of 1777. Later in the revolution God would produce two major thunderstorms to weaken the British forces and give the Americans a victory at the Battle of Yorktown. After this the American Army would be quelled by washington himself with the overwatch of christ. God’s divine intervention allowed not only Washington but his soldiers to be protected and guided through the most†¦show more content†¦In the end of the winter Washington was in fact rewarded just like God had promised him, and in this case he was rewarded with a newly trained army. Without God s influence on Washington s character the army could very well have dissolved during the distraught win ter without his leadership. God was the motivation of Washington and his army at Valley Forge but the next thing he would produce to help solidify the American Revolution were the miraculous thunderstorms before the Battle of Yorktown. The two thunderstorms during the Battle of Yorktown were almost of coincidence, but, these thunderstorms were essential to the victory over the British. Divine intervention would prove what produced the thunderstorms that prohibited the British from fleeing Yorktown, and having the necessary naval reinforcements.â€Å"General Cornwallis planned an escape maneuver on the night of October 17th. The British forces would start to evacuate in small boats off of Gloucester Point, but a furious thunderstorm would strike and sweep the boats downstream stopping their retreat (Moran, Donald).† The British being forced to stay in Yorktown would make them vulnerable for an attack by the Americans. God intended to prevent the British from fleeing that day in order to help the America ns corner them and ensure their defeat. These storms were critical to winning the Battle of Yorktown and were something much moreShow MoreRelatedFrench Revolution: the Solution to Class Inequality1141 Words   |  5 PagesThe French Revolution was one of the most important events that occurred in the history of France. The revolution crumpled the Old Regime and completely transformed the social and political system of France. The people of France sought to establish a more egalitarian society through their newly created Republic. 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5th Grade Lesson Plan Adding and Multiplying Decimals

Using holiday advertisements, students will practice addition and multiplication with decimals. Lesson Preparation The lesson will span the duration of two class periods, about 45 minutes each. Materials: Advertisements from the local paper, or if you prefer a technology focus, a list of websites for common department storesCentimeter graph paper Key Vocabulary: add, multiply, decimal place, hundredths, tenths, dimes, pennies Objectives: In this lesson, students will add and multiply with decimals to the hundredths place. Standards Met: 5.OA.7: Add, subtract, multiply, and divide decimals to hundredths, using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction; relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used. Before Starting Consider whether or not a lesson like this is appropriate for your class, given the holidays they celebrate and the socioeconomic status of your students. While fantasy spending can be fun, it can also be upsetting for students who may not receive gifts or who struggle with poverty. If you have decided that your class will have fun with this project, give them five minutes to brainstorm the following list: Three things I want to receiveTwo things I want to giveOne thing I would like to eat Adding and Multiplying Decimals: Step-by-Step Procedure Ask students to share their lists. Ask them to estimate the costs involved in purchasing all of the things they want to give and receive. How could they figure out more information about the costs of these products?Tell students that today’s learning target involves fantasy shopping. We will begin with $300 in make-believe money and then calculate all that we could purchase  with that amount of money.Review decimals and their names using a place value activity if your students haven’t discussed decimals for awhile.Pass out advertisements to small groups, and have them look through the pages and discuss some of their favorite things. Give them about 5-10 minutes just to peruse the ads.In small groups, ask students to make individual lists of their favorite items. They should write the prices next to any item they choose.Begin modeling the addition of these prices. Use graph paper in order to keep the decimal points lined up correctly. Once students have had enough prac tice with this, they’ll be able to use regular lined paper. Add two of their favorite objects together. If they still have enough fantasy money to spend, allow them to add another item to their list. Continue until they have reached their limit, and then have them assist other students in their group.Ask for a volunteer to tell about an object that they chose to purchase for a family member. What if they then needed more than one of these? What if they wanted to purchase five? What would be the easiest way for them to figure this out? Hopefully, students will recognize that multiplication is a much easier way of doing this than repeated addition.Model how to multiply their prices by a whole number. Remind students about their decimal places. (You can assure them that if they forget to put the decimal place in their answer, they will run out of money 100 times faster than they ordinarily would!)Give them their project for the rest of class and for homework, if necessary: Using the list of prices, create a family present package worth no more than $300, with several individual gifts, and one gift that they have to purchase for more than two people. Make sure they show their work so that you can see their examples of addition and multiplication.Let them work on their projects for another 20-30 minutes, or however long they are engaged with the project.Before leaving the class for the day, have students share their work so far and provide feedback as necessary. Concluding the Lesson   If your students arent done but you feel that they have enough understanding of the process to work on this at home, assign the remainder of the project for homework. As students are working, walk around the classroom and discuss their work with them. Take notes, work with small groups, and pull aside students who need help. Review their homework for any issues that need to be addressed.

The Idea Expression Dichotomy - 1744 Words

Uncertainty in the Implementation of the Idea-Expression Dichotomy It is common ground in copyright law that the idea-expression dichotomy has long been applied as a basic principle. It provided that copyright protection only fixed on the expression of the idea, but not on the idea as such. No copyright infringement will be found if no expression but idea or method or system is copied. While the idea-expression dichotomy had been repeatedly expressed in case-law, it is remained to be a vaguely defined concept. Criticism arise that the idea-expression dichotomy is not a meaningful tool to resolve copyright disputes. For judges need a clear guidance in deciding the infringement and so as authors do in order to avoid copyright†¦show more content†¦Allowing the idea taking ‘transformative use’ of work is on the purpose of enhancing freedom of information spreading and preventing idea monopoly, which would eventually benefit to the public domain. It is not an ‘all or nothing’ decision to implement the copyright i nfringement determination. In contrast, there are no clear guidance to be follow in judging, inter alia, the transformative use where it is difficult to draw a line between idea and expression. Instead, instinct is being used to assist the separation. Judges have to analyse the individual facts by using their own value and backgrounds to determine the infringement, which lead to an unstable environment for the running of the infringement determination function. The overall approach of the idea-expression dichotomy may be harder to be reached. For the variation of the judgement may give no confidence for authors to do the transformative use of copyright works. In the US, doctrine of merger and scà ¨nes à   faire are introduced as techniques to make the distinction. In accordance to the doctrine of merger, the copyright protection would not extent to such work expressing an idea that can only be expressed in one way, otherwise there would be a monopoly on the idea. It is concluded that the expression ‘merges’ with the idea under such circumstance andShow MoreRelatedThe Italian Clothing Company Diesel Released An Advertising Campaign1509 Words   |  7 Pagesthat, â€Å"ads sell more than products. They sell values, they sell images†¦ To a great extent they tell us who we are and who we should be,† (Killing Us Softly, 2012). This advertisement works to set up several dichotomies: smart/stupid, cowardice/bravery, and boring/interesting. These dichotomies work to categorize people into two distinct types, making it easier to dehumanize or â€Å"other† undesirable traits. Further, although it claims to chall enge femininity, the message that Diesel is sending makesRead MoreSchool Uniforms are a Terrible Idea984 Words   |  4 PagesRefutation essay- â€Å"school uniforms are a terrible idea† The essay school uniforms are a terrible idea states that. School uniforms fail to achieve the goals for which a school uniform was established suck as to save students money to, to prevent violence, and create a more organized school environment. The essay also states the uniforms restrict student’s freedom of expression. That school uniforms have led to more violence and that since no studies have yet proven that a uniform policy can solveRead MoreGender: Annotated Bibliography Essay1480 Words   |  6 Pagesstudies audiences and surveys. The book would be helpful, particularly the last three essays that discusses gender, public speaking, the question of politeness and impoliteness in public speaking. 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Geographers use poststructuralist and feminist ideas in order to study human environment, society and geogrpahical space. Feminism and poststructuralism encourage us to question the set of assumptions and socially constructed meanings that give rise to knowledge claims. Poststructuralism is a popular critique that challenges ourRead MoreFresa y Chocolate and The Borderlands1467 Words   |  6 Pages84) The objective of this essay will be to interpret the contradictions of identity produced in the movie Fresa y Chocolate and The Borderlands. When personal identity, is stifled and shaped by nationalistic discourse. By examining the polarised dichotomies of self-identity, juxtaposed against the internalised and dominant hegemonic discourse of imposed National and cultural identity. The paper will endeavour to expose how, the holding and wielded of power creates conflict and revolt between ones individualRead MoreRichard II And Richard II Comparison843 Words   |  4 PagesGaunt’s true emotions towards Richard despite Gaunt’s former behaviors. The poetic devices stem deeper into the quotation from Gaunt and express a large dichotomy between the internal emotions of shame and the external pain of torment. Moreover, with this dichotomy of internal and external we are able to see the representation of Gaunt’s expression of his true self and how his aggression is pla ying out in more ways than one. With this textual evidence, it can be shown that Gaunt is revealing his trueRead MoreAnalysis Of The Prologue Of Ralph Ellison s Invisible Man1367 Words   |  6 Pageshallucination, the pilgrimage into the â€Å"underworld of sound†, shouldn’t be discredited as merely a drug-induced episode, but a reflection of himself, revealing of his hidden character, one that’s likewise ambivalent and confused (Ellison 8). The dichotomy between the protagonist’s public and hidden characters indicates that his previous narrative about himself is not just surreal, but unreal and not to be trusted completely. And perhaps the Invisible Man is not just, as he claims, invisible to theRead MoreGender Equality Within The Professional World Of The Air, Natalie Keener, By Anna Kendrick1199 Words   |  5 Pagesstrong professional drive and desire to find partnership, Keener rejects the notion that love and career are mutually exclusive. Robert B. Ray notes the following: â€Å"The dominant tradition of American cinema [has] consistently found ways to overcome dichotomies. Often, the movies’ reconciliatory pattern [have] concentrated on a single character magically embodying diametrically opposite traits . . . Such two-sided characters [seem] particularly designed to appeal to a collective American imagination steeped

Civil Rights †Naacp Free Essays

The iris case was not a success because the supreme court agreed with the board, but the second case In 1953, came to the agreement that segregation was wrong on the grounds that separating black students from others that are the same age and Intelligence as them because of their race, â€Å"generates a feeling of Inferiority†¦ That may affect their hearts and minds In a way unlikely ever to be undone,† (Chief Justice Earl Warren). This was a major success for the NAACP although Implementing the new ruling proved to be more difficult because the federal government did not force he state governments to apply them to their cities. This ruling did change some districts but most did not comply. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Rights – Naacp or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many schools and school districts were closed because the cities would have rather close them than integrate. Also because of President Eisenhower lack of support, the ruling was never enforced therefore making the ruling pointless. Similar problems occurred with other rulings and acts such as the Civil Rights Act of 1957 which attempted to end voter discrimination, but ended up being a useless law because of the loopholes left by the federal overspent. The only few times where the NAACP changes of the law actually worked such as the case about the arrest of Rosa Parks for refusing to give up her bus seat, and that was only because of the non-violent movement that got the publics attention and more involvement in the issue. The other legal successes for the black community such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 which made it so African Americans could vote without being taxed, given impossible tasks, or being intimidated by racists groups; this time not leaving loopholes. This act along with there beneficial acts such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 were mostly due to the many marches, movements, and riots that demanded change and the assassination of JEFF which happened right after he publicly announced that he was for the rights of African Americans by trying to put through the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Because this was one of the last things that JEFF was remembered for, LB had to live up the citizen’s expectations for him to do the same as JEFF so that he would not have died In vain. In addition, the groups AIM and CLC participated in the Civil Rights Movements. In the event of Birmingham In 1963 lead by CLC was a major focus for the call rights activists. This event resulted In church bombings as the group CLC and other protesters marched for their rights and this movement later turned Into massive violence from the white society. As a continuation of Birmingham, James Bevel gave Dry. King the Idea to use children for marches arrested, and Jailed and more chaos prevailed. In (Source E) It displays a photograph from the event of the Birmingham Marches during the time period of 1963. It shows he violence and a African American male was being attacked by the local police with police dogs. This event was somewhat successful at the end because stores were desegregated and some other public places. In the event of the Meredith March in 1966, Its main purpose was to protest against racism and other civil rights activists, including Dry. King and his group AIM, CLC, along with SYNC continued this march to protest for their civil rights in 1966. The start of this march was from James Meredith attending the University of Mississippi and was rejected his acceptance from the allege because of his race which was African American and James Meredith filed a complaint to the Court systems and the court ruled that the University of Mississippi was managing a policy of segregation. In the duration of this Many race riots broke out in the result of this setting. There was not only violence against the African Americans but there was violence against the U. S Marshals who were helping the African Americans. Referring back to the James Meredith march â€Å"March against Fear† the African Americans faced violence as well as when they were registering to vote. In he March James Meredith was shot and the Civil Rights activists Dry. King and Carmichael decided to finish the march on Meredith behalf. Therefore, this event was somewhat successful because it allowed the U. S to pay attention to the African Americans although it was not particularly in the way that King and other civil rights activists wanted to. The civil rights organizations the CORE and SYNC both proved to be vitally important during the civil rights movement. They often times worked in conjunction in order to work toward racial equality. Their first major movement was he Sit Ins in 1960 where college students refused to leave diners until served. The next thing was the Freedom Rides in 1961 in which black students tried to ride across in order to test the laws banning racial segregation on international buses. This effort was a failure in that there was extreme violence against the riders. â€Å"The racist mob had attacked with iron bars, and even bombs. Passengers escaped right before the bus burst into flames and it wasn’t until policemen shot into the air that the mob dispersed† (Source A). After the Freedom Rides SYNC turned its attention to the Albany movement (1962) in which students tried to desegregate the entire public sector of the city. It failed because the police never got violent, and after CLC Joined they didn’t allow King to stay in Jail. Malcolm X an influential leader of black Muslims used these types of instances to Justify the idea that â€Å"There’s no such thing as a nonviolent revolution and that the revolution is based on concepts of property, independence, freedom, Justice and equality’ (Source D). In 1994 SYNC attempted a new movement called Freedom Summer in which northern white students attempted o get blacks to register to vote. The southern states viewed it as â€Å"a planned invasion in which Northern students are causing problems under the pretext of bringing Freedom† (Source B). The huge difference between the northern mentality of equality to all verses the southern mentality of white and better than blacks and stay out of our business led to a horrifically violent summer. The very next year SYNC went to Selma, Alabama in order to register voters, but the police had a violent response. During a speech at Howard Lyndon Johnson said â€Å"The words â€Å"Give me overcome discrimination I will sent to Congress a law designed to eliminate illegal barriers. (Source F). How to cite Civil Rights – Naacp, Papers

Service Failure and Service Recovery free essay sample

Assignment on SERVICE FAILURE AND SERVICE RECOVERY Few months back my experience with ICICI bank helped me identify with these concepts. Service failure can occur on multiple dimensions. A core service failure occurs when a customer is not able to avail the service one has paid for. A service encounter failure occurs when customer interaction with employees of a firm leave the customer feeling negative about the firm. I experienced the first type of service failure. In March 2010, while I was withdrawing money from my account, I discovered that my ICICI silver account had been blocked and expectedly hacked. A password was put on my account due to which I could not log in. (an authenticator barred me from my accessing my account and a random number was generated as a second password, which had to be entered after the first password. ) I tried contacting the customer care executive on telephone but that was impossible on Sunday evening 8pm. So I send an e-mail and got an automated response that they would get back to me on working day. My father had always been satisfied with the banking services of ICICI, so I also decided to avail the service of same service provider due to its proven standards and achieved results. * According to me, on the five dimensions of service quality, ICICI ranked high on assurance and empathy, however, they failed to deliver reliability and responsiveness, which resulted in the service failure. The severity of the service failure was high as incapability to secure my account and not responding to my call could have lead to a huge monetary loss to me. Analyzing the above service failure in the context of 7 Ps of services marketing, I found that there was problem on part of people, process and the offering. a. People: There was a failure on part of ICICI customer care department to entertain my call and address the issue. The personnel were not responsive in handling my situation of account hacking at the moment I reported about the same. b. Product: The offering of the bank to keep the a ccount secure and protected was not fulfilled. c. Process: There was a problem with the process as the awareness about the support channel was not there which barred the problem form getting solved quickly. * The gap model of service quality shows that there was a gap existing in the service provider which led to delay in service delivery. The Gap was the provider GAP-4 which is GAP 4 SERVICE DELIVERY| * Ineffective management of customer expectations Lack of adequate education for customer regarding the existence of various support channels EXTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS TO CUSTOMERS| Service Recovery: Monday morning ICICI responded by taking an immediate step to restore my account. I was asked to make a second request to get the authenticator (which is a second level password protection) to be removed from my account. The account was restored by Monday evening. Overall, ICICI did a great job, although they were not responsive, not as quickly as we would have been. I later learned that a different support channel would have served me quicker. They assured me that all my deposits and item will be returned within 36 hours (maximum expected time). To my surprise all account was credited within 4 hours. ICICI also gave time to educate me about how to contact them in the future in case of failure. They actually have a dedicated support channel for when a persons account is hacked. I was given complete information about the support channel for recovery of hacked account or any account related information has been set as a separate unit in ICICI. Overall, this was a successful service recovery, and I will probably be more loyal to ICICI, as the service failure was severe and the recovery exceeded my expectations. I will be an easy customer to serve, as now I am aware of the multiple support channels, and will use the appropriate one in the future. I told my parents regarding the service failure and also informed them about the multiple support channels provided by ICICI for service recovery. Now, they are also aware of the grievance addressal system. I still hold two accounts in ICICI and the services availed by me are quite satisfactory. I have renewed and converted my personal account into a fixed deposit account which provides me better interest and zero balance maintenance facility which is need by me as a student. This was suggested by an executive of ICICI. Also I had lost my debit card previous month which I was able to get easily as I knew whom to contact and how to get it. Q. How satisfied you were with the service provider prior to the above service failure. Rate on a scale of 1-7 1- Not satisfied; 7- Extremely satisfied 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| Not satisfied| | | Neutral | ICICI services | | Extremely satisfied| Q. Rate the perceived criticality of failure on a scale of 1-7 1 Not critical; 7 Extremely critical 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| Not critical| | | Neutral| | Service failure was modest | Extremely critical| Q. On a scale of 1-7 rate your satisfaction after the recovery   efforts made by the service provider. 1- Very poor; 7 – Excellent 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| Very poor| | | Neutral| | | Excellent service provided by ICICI after service recovery. | Thus, having mentioned the service failure and recovery of ICICI bank, my satisfaction after the service recovery increased. This has incident provided me knowledge about the support system and I am now a loyal customer of this service provider. The expectations from the service provider before the service failure were more towards the higher side due to the past experiences of my father and media. After the service failure and recovery done by ICICI was excellent. I was patient for the customer care executive to get back to me and they in spite of little delay they did, handled the situation really well. I have shared my experience to many people and also informed them regarding the multiple support systems they have for various account related problems which I was unaware of before this incident. Submitted by- PUJA PALLAVI 10BSPHH010573 SECTION- D

Marketing Strategies Of The Nestle Company †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Strategies Of The Nestle Company. Answer: Introduction: Nestle is the company that operates in food and drink industry. It is one of the leading companies in the industry that is headquartered at Vevey, Switzerland. In the year 2014, the company has been considered on rank no. 72 by the fortune global 500. It is the company that was formed in 1905 by the merger of two companies. It is the report that discusses about the marketing strategies of the company in different contexts. Marketing strategies in context of: Differentiation: Differentiation is the strategy that deals with targeting many customer segments. As far as Nestle is considered, it is the company that serves the market with many products and thus use differentiated strategy to target the market. For example, the products like maggi not only target the children but the new hot heads variation of Maggi target the adults as well to try the new and spicy taste of Maggi (Dadzie, Amponsah, Dadzie and Winston, 2017). There are lot of products that are being marketed by the company targeting many customer segments at a time. Commoditisation: It is the condition where homogenous products and services are being served by many companies and the only criteria that has been considered by the company is the price of the product. As far as Nestle is considered, nestle uses marketing strategies in such a way that it positioned itself as very unique. Nestle has shown its potential in standing out and thinking out of the box to fight such commoditisation (Morschett, Schramm-Klein and Zentes, 2015). The company has quietly built the nutritional science division. This is not the unrelated diversification of the business. The time when all the other food companies are facing commoditisation and targeting the market by enhancing the taste of their products, Nestle made the shit of the corporate strategy from the commoditised sector that is food to the high profit margin sector that is health. Competitive advantage: As the marketing competitive advantage of the company is considered, it has been analysed that the major competitive advantage of the company is its brand image and availability in the market (Appiah-Adu, 2016). The company has marketed all its products on almost all sorts of media.in addition to it the company is international in nature and thus availability of the products is very high. Brand image of the company and the range of products are considered as the competitive advantage of the company as it is one of the leading companies in terms of products range and positioning. Segmentation: Segmentation can be defined as the strategy that helps the company to divide the market in different segments or division according to the nature of the customers. Nestle is the company that segments/ its customers by using the following basis: Geographic: it is the strategy that helps the company to divide the market into segments according to the place they live in. the company caters the old market with different products and the hot weather places with different products. Demographic: nestle also segment its market with the difference in generations such as the products like cerelac, nido etc. are for children and kids, maggi and other products are for children etc (Moura, Branco and Camoesas, 2015). Occupation: it is also the criteria that have been used by nestle to divide its market into segments for example; the company serves the market with Nescafe classic products for the people who feel busy in their work. Psychographic: it is the type of segmentation that is based on the choice and lifestyle of the people. For example, KIT KAT is served to the people who like to eat sweet products and beliefs in eating tasty things while Nescafe 3 in 1 is for the people who do mot have time to eat. 4 ps of marketing: Product: Nestle is one of the leading company in the worlds in terms of serving the customers with range of brands. The company serves the market with around 80 brands and lot more products. The products categories mainly fall under the divides of food, ready to eat food, dairy products, chocolates and beverages. Pricing: as far as the pricing strategy of the company is covered, it has been analysed that the company use competitive pricing strategy this is baecuse he prices of the products are set as er the quality of the product and the price of the competitive products in the industry. Promotion: Advertising is the major weapon that the company use always to compete with the other brands, as the company is serving range of products to the customers; the company also focuses on marketing those products at the same time so that they can have better reach (Peck, Christopher, Clark and Payne, 2013). Advertising through all the sources and media is the strategy of the company to promote the products to a larger area. Place: as far as the place is concerned, it has been analysed that the company beliefs in selling the products to the market by retailers and distributors (Scrinis, 2016). There are various distributors that buy the products from the manufacturing site of the company and then distribute it to various retailers and the end consumer can buy the products from those retailers. A solution approach: It has been analysed from the study that the company is using great marketing approaches through advertising. A solution approach or the recommendation in terms of marketing for nestle is that it can make use of social media more. as more and more peel are now on social media so running the campaigns on social media sites will helps the company to cater the market with more efficiency and have larger reach (Sacks, et al, 2015). Sustainability: As the company is in manufacturing function thus most of the part is the supply chain of the company. Making strategies such as lean production and Just in Time approach will helps the company make optimum use of the resources and thus waste generation can also be reduced. This also helps the company to reduce its per unit cost and hence the customers can get the products in lower prices. This ultimately helps the company to be sustainable. As far as the current approaches are concerned, the company is using sustainable sourcing approach in which the company source it the raw material in sustainable manner. References: Appiah-Adu, K. and Amoako, G.K., 2016. The execution of marketing strategies in a developing economy: A case study of selected market leaders.African Journal of Economic and Management Studies,7(1), pp.9-29. Appiah-Adu, K., 2016. The execution of marketing strategies in a developing economy. Dadzie, K.Q., Amponsah, D.K., Dadzie, C.A. and Winston, E.M., 2017. How Firms Implement Marketing Strategies in Emerging Markets: An Empirical Assessment of The 4A Marketing Mix Framework.Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice,25(3), pp.234-256. Morschett, D., Schramm-Klein, H. and Zentes, J., 2015. International Marketing. InStrategic International Management(pp. 477-501). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Moura, A., Branco, M. and Camoesas, M., 2015, June. NESTL, A GLOBAL FIRM AND ITS CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIPS. InIMC 2015 International Management Conference 26th June 2015(p. 96). Peck, H., Christopher, M., Clark, M. and Payne, A., 2013.Relationship marketing. Taylor Francis. Sacks, G., Mialon, M., Vandevijvere, S., Trevena, H., Snowdon, W., Crino, M. and Swinburn, B., 2015. Comparison of food industry policies and commitments on marketing to children and product (re) formulation in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji.Critical Public Health,25(3), pp.299-319. Scrinis, G., 2016. Reformulation, fortification and functionalization: Big Food corporations nutritional engineering and marketing strategies.The Journal of Peasant Studies,43(1), pp.17-37.

Origin of Life Essay Sample free essay sample

Life and its beginnings have spurred many a theories. guesss and arguments. Among the well-known theories on how life started include abiogenesis- development. self-generated coevals. panspermia-and creationism. Abiogenesisclaims that life originated spontaneously from inanimate affair ( ex. H2O. C dioxide. H. N ) â€Å"under proper conditions† ( Why is Abiogenesis Impossible? n. d. ) . It is a to a great extent contested theory and many critics point out to the sheer impossibleness of such a proposition for practical grounds. For one. whatever groundss are laid in support of this theory are missing in substance. strength and measure. The earlier signifiers of autogenesis such as the one purported by Aristotle have already been debunked because of the outgrowth of cogent evidence showing the contrary such as the experiments of Louis Pasteur and John Tyndall. Even the modern versions ( ex. theory of development ) suffer from so many loopholes in footings of elaborate. elaborate history on the procedure of the outgrowth of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Origin of Life Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In other words. there is a resonant absence of a comprehensive account that can be substantiated with stuff cogent evidence. One critical component that is squalidly missing in modern autogenesis is the designation. sketching and hallmark of phases taking to the creative activity of life. In the theory of development propounded by Charles Darwin. there are ‘missing links’ that are believed to consist the spread that is to finish and impart acceptableness to the theory. These ‘missing links’ are the transformational phases or processes that connect the lesser. more crude evolutionary signifiers to worlds ( gay sapiens ) . Furthermore. the autogenesis theory does non account for the complexness of the biological composing of human life. Life merely can non be generated in a additive consecutive form of growing phases. Surveies in modern biological science ( genetic sciences ) have shown the intricate procedures and design of cell formation and regeneration so by deduction the creative activity of higher life signifiers ( ex. bacteriums. Protozoa ) involves more than merely simplified. sectionalized phases of development and growing. Panspermia â€Å"Panspermia is the name for the theory that life exists and is distributed throughout the existence in the signifier of sources or spores†( Sims 1990 ) . This theory presupposes that life originated from other planets or planetal organic structures through stones. meteorites. etc. incorporating simple life signifiers ( ex. bacteriums ) that were transported on Earth. survived. regenerated and which finally evolved into higher. organic life signifiers. The groundss for panspermia include thedoggedness and survival inherent aptitude of bacteriums holding proven to dodge the effects of ultraviolet radiation. cold and protons barrage ; and the presence of life in meteorites such as aminic acids. bacteriums and C( Panspermia Theory. n. d. ) This theory pans a web of contention because what it proposes as a conjectural beginning of life shakes the belief. the nucleus impression that human existences are the centre of everything. It seems a absurd thought. after all. to presume that life comes from an foreigner beginning and that worlds are posterities of unknown. unidentified life signifiers. What is considered to be debatable about panspermia is the failure of the theory to account for the beginning of life. It does non explicate how life came to be in the existence where life on Earth purportedly sprung from. ( Baird 2008 ) . Hydrothermal Hydrothermal beginning of life theorizes that â€Å"life could hold arisen in a pigboat hydrothermal vent† ( Sarfati 1999 ) . The job with this theory is that it merely created hexaglycine as the most complicated life signifier during one of the experimental trials done by some Nipponese research workers ( 1999 ) . In other words. the consequences of the experiment did non back up the claims of the hydrothermal theory ( 1999 ) . Mentions Baird. Alexis. ( 2008 ) . The argument of panspernia: are we the posterities of foreigners? Retrieved March 06. 2008 from SerendipUpdate’sBlog: hypertext transfer protocol: //serendip. brynmawr. edu/exchange/node/1919 Bergman. Jerry. ( 1999 ) . Why autogenesis is impossible.Creation Research Society Quarterly. vol 36. No. 4. March 2000. Retrieved March 06. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. trueorigin. org/abio. asp Panspernia Theory. Panspermia. Retrieved March 06. 2008 from hypertext transfer protocol: //leiwenwu. tripod. com/panspermia. htm Sarfati. Jonathan ( 1999 ) . Hydrothermal beginning of life.Creation Ex Nihilo Technical Journal.Vol 13. No. 2. Retrieved March 06. 2008. from hypertext transfer protocol: //leiwenwu. tripod. com/panspermia. htm

Creole essays

Creole essays What is a Creole? The word Creole means many things to many people. It derives from the Latin word Creare, meaning to beget or create. The Webster dictionary says a Creole is a white person descended from the French or Spanish settlers of Louisiana and the Gulf States and preserving their characteristic speech and culture. Creoles, a term first used in the 16th century in Latin America to distinguish the offspring of European settlers from Native Americans, blacks, and later immigrant groups. In colonial America the designally originally applied to the American-born descendants of European-born settlers. The term has since acquired varying meanings in different regions. In the United States, the state of Louisiana has a diverse Creole population. White Creoles are the French-speaking descendants of early French or Spanish settlers. Black Creoles are generally the French-speaking Louisianians of mixed race, once constituted a separate group, but have now largely assimilated into the black Creole population. These people have their own culture and customs and even a compostite language derived from the French. In Latin America the term may refer to people of direct Spanish extraction or just to members of families whose ancestory goes back to the colonial period. In the West Indies the word Creole is used to identify descendants of any European settlers. (Encarta Encyclopedia 226). The Spanish introduced the word as Criollo, and during Louisianas colonial period (1699-1803) the evolving word Creole generally referred to persons of African or European heritage born in the New World. Creoles can mean anything from individuals born in the New Orleans with French and Spanish ancestry to those who descended from African, Caribbean, French, and Spanish combinations. The Creoles have played an important part in the heritage of New Orleans.(HERRIN,29) Strictly speakin...

Traditional vs Modern Architecture design in Shanghai, China Essay

Traditional vs Modern Architecture design in Shanghai, China - Essay Example which would help China connecting with the world. In the 1930s and 1940s there were only a few buildings being built in Shanghai. During 1970s due to the political unsettlement even those building that had a high traditional value were taken over by the government and given to those people who were in need of houses to live in. (Wong) In Shanghai there are two main types of traditional buildings. The first one is of government buildings or properties owned by corporate workers for example government headquarters, consulate buildings, banks, hotels etc. The other type is of residential buildings. The architecture and structure of these types of buildings were simply based on western concepts with a well-built neo-classical design which was usually found in Europe or the United States. In the old city regions residential houses were spread all over the area, this spots another type of architecture in Shanghai. Under this there were two types. The first were luxurious houses with gardens which were made for the rich, the other was small houses made for common people. High rise apartment buildings started to come into sight in Shanghai in the late 1920s as technology improved. These building usually rose to 15 storeys and had escalators for the convenience of people. (Wong) Shanghai consists of many buildings and structures of many different architectural styles. On the bank of the Huangpa River is The Bund, it contains a rich compilation of early 20th century architecture, which ranges in technique from neo-classical HSBC building to Sassoon House which is based on the theme of art deco. The French Concession which is a previous foreign concession is also well preserved. Even though there is extensive development the old city of Shanghai still holds on to buildings which are of heritage value , for example the Yuyuan Garden, a highly structured garden in the Jiangnan style. The city also consists of

Religious persecution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Religious persecution - Essay Example In regard to these, there exist three different forms of religious facets that are of particular vitality in defining religion (Gunn 392). These are: religion as a belief, religion as an identity and religious as a way of life. In any religious persecution or discrimination, any of these three facets might come into play. On the other hand, a combination of all the there faces might sometimes take the center stage. Although the three facets are the ones most commonly associated with religious persecutions and conflicts, other facets of religion not identified here can also be of some relevance. The definition of faith as a belief is based on the convictions that people have concerning God, honest, truth or faith doctrines (Hamlet 265). A religion based on belief emphasizes the adherence to doctrines such as the five pillars of Islam, the transmigration of souls and the Nicene Creed among others. Typically, belief religion is characterized by the emphasis on understanding religious doctrines. Belief based religion is enhanced by conversion and adoption of new doctrines of belief. According to Gunn, from the perspective of the persecutor, the religious behaviors of others are considered as heresy and blasphemy and are therefore superstitiously held. Consequently, the religious leaders of the targeted religion are considered as false prophets, cult leaders and tricksters. In some instances, the whole group is subjected to persecution even if the group shares the same ethnicity with the persecutors. Good examples are cases from countries like Pakistan, Egypt and Iran (Gunn 394). The definition of religion as an identity is based on affiliation to a particular group (Hamlet 267). In this instance, a given religion is associated with a family, a tribe, an ethnic group, race, nationality or statehood. In identity religion, followers believe that they were born in their religion and did not just subscribe to it as

Healthcare Professional Understanding and Response to Alarms

Healthcare Professional Understanding and Response to Alarms Obstacles and Solutions for Healthcare Professionals (HP)’s understanding and response to monitor alarms: A literature Review Image(1) Abstract: The alarm systems employed in the intensive care unit (ICU) are vital for patient care and safety. They give readings for heart rate, oximetry and the cut-offs for the alarms are set by the individual or the manufacturer. There have been adverse events associated with alarms systems and recently, it has become a serious health hazard. The purpose of this paper is to review the literature for healthcare professionals’ (HP) understanding and response to monitor alarms in the hospital and any solutions proposed. Mohammad Omar Aziz 112120367 University College Cork 24/11/2014 INTRODUCTION: The alarm systems give readings of many physiological variables including heart rate, respiratory rate, oximetry and the cut-offs for the alarms are set by the individual or the manufacturer(2). These alarms can also be silenced. The machine employed in NICU in CUMH contains a Stop and Pause function(2). The Pause function silences all alarm parameters for 2 minutes, whereas the stop function silences only one particular alarm parameter for 1 minute. There is also a setting known as ‘Extreme alarm’, which alerts the HP when the particular physiological variable has gotten worse (eg oxygen saturation has been gotten less than 80% for neonates in CUMH). The reason for such functions (ie stop and pause) is that an alarm may not be deemed serious by the HP and the HP may decide to ‘wait and see’ if this is just an isolated incident. Also, alarms may not be as serious and the HP may deem it to be a ‘false positive (FP)’. This is because the alarms ar e just one input of information for the HP and he/she takes into account other inputs, such as clinical context(3). Also, the patient population itself in the ICU is to be considered. For example, it is common for neonates to have episodes of tachycardia and as such, isolated incidents would not cause the HP to be worried about patient. Rather, the alarms become worrisome if the variables are not coming back to normal limits (i.e. assessing if the alarms are continuing to sound as opposed to being an isolated incident)(2). The alarms are aimed to have a high specificity so that a true event is not missed. However, this can be burdensome. In a day in the ICU, this could translate to 187 alarms/bed, of which majority are false positive alarms(4). Another study found that for a cardiac surgery, roughly 1 alarm would go off every minute and approximately 80% of the alarms had no practical benefit (i.e. no clinical action could be taken)(5). Alarm systems can lead to adverse events and in 2010, alarm hazards was amongst the top 10 technology health hazards and in 2012, it had surpassed the others to become the leading technology health hazard(6, 7). The potential consequences of adverse events can be fatal as one of the databases for the FDA had reported that in a span of 3 years, from 2005 to 2008, there were 566 deaths related to monitor device alarms(8). In Ireland (NICU in CUMH), a neonate could have been hypoxic after a prolonged period due to misunderstanding of alarms, highlighting the global scale of such a problem(2). OBJECTIVE: This literature review was aimed to see if there are any papers dealing with HP’s understanding and response to monitor alarms in critical care setting and ways in which it is affected. Response and understanding in this paper refers to whether the staff: (i) responded/became aware of the alarm and (ii) carried out the correct response based on the alarm that sounded. These specifically are: Factors affect their response and understanding Effects of in-adequate response and understanding Solution(s) proposed to improve response and understanding Difference in understanding after stratification: between doctors and nurses, between specialties of ICU (e.g. CCU vs NICU) The conclusions drawn from the review will give insight into audits carried out in CUH regarding monitor alarms and solutions to ‘close the audit loop’. It will also allow for comparison of HP’s understanding in CUH to others hospitals. METHODS: Inclusion Criteria: Papers that dealt with the following: HP’s understanding/interaction with monitor alarms Alarms employed in Hospital (as opposed to ambulatory care) The following databases were searched: PubMed, Cochrane Collaboration. Preference was given to most recent articles as well as review articles. Abstracts were reviewed and if they met inclusion criteria, they were read. Filters applied: ‘English’, ‘Full Text available’, ‘Human’ Search terms entered included: ‘Monitor Alarms’, ‘Monitor alarms + Understanding’, ‘Monitor Alarms + Fatigue’, ‘Alarms’. Cochrane database yielded no articles with any of the search terms, except ‘alarms’( which yielded articles, but they had no relevance to topic). RESULTS: Alarm fatigue and its effect on HP’s understanding Alarms, by their nature, are in place to alert the staff that the patient needs attending to and have limits set in place such that a true event is not missed. As a result, they have a tendency to stuffer from a high false positive rate (FP) and thus, poor positive predictive value (PPV)(9). Clinically insignificant and/or FP alarms range from 80-99%(9, 10). Another study done showed the PPV to be as low as 27%(11). This contributes to staff not being aware of the alarms (desensitization), mistrust in the alarms and not responding to them(3, 9). As stated earlier, 566 alarm related deaths were reported to FDA from 2005 to 2008(8). Alarms can be induced by patient motion, which further contributes to false alarms(12). These cases can be avoided by staff silencing the alarms for a set period of time prior to moving the patient(11). Due to the high FP rate of alarms, the more reliable the alarm is (i.e. how well it predicts true alarm), the higher the response will be from staff(9). Also, the factors that determine response can be divided into: intrinsic to the alarm itself and extrinsic. Internal factors are whether alarm continues to sound or it ceases to sound soon (i.e. alarm duration). Also, the more ‘rare’ or unlikely for an alarm to go off, the more it would warrant a response. The limits set by the staff for the alarm may not be appropriate for the given patient resulting in having too many alarms that are not actionable(5). Extrinsic factors to an alarm are: work load, task complexity, patient condition. The higher the workload or task complexity, HP’s have a lower tendency to react to it. The opposite is true for the more severe the patient’s condition is(3, 9). Solutions proposed to improve response and understanding: To reduce the high FP rate, and ultimately, improve alarm response, different solutions have been proposed in the literature. Since alarms often self-correct, by adding a delay time to the alarms before they sound can reduce the number of alarms themselves(11). ‘Smart Alarms’ can be introduced that have algorithms in place that will alert only if it is a true alarm(9). These systems take trends into account as opposed to raw data itself. Increasing the ‘volume’ of alarms higher than environment was recommended (as opposed to having a fixed dB level for an alarm sound)(13). This is supported by the fact that sound may not be heard due to: room doors closed, events such as noise produced by machines that clean the floors(14). It is further supported by the fact that most hospitals have exceeded the noise levels recommended by WHO, and as such, the volume of the alarm should be customized to the environment to ensure it is heard(15). However, other literature f avours different modalities of alarms (i.e. visual or vibrating), since the noise contributes to symptoms in staff such as fatigue and concentration problems(16). Standardization of alarm sounds would decrease the number of alarm sounds the HP’s have to ‘learn’(17). Another solution proposed has been to have a central notification centre as opposed to a staff monitoring patient(s)when their alarms go off, which was reported to be advantageous. Alarm limits should be changed to levels by HP’s taking into account: if the alarm goes off, it will require some sort of clinical action, and the patient’s specific condition(s)(9). This is in contrast to when HP’s do not change limits and keep to default levels set by manufacturer, which are set to different values depending on the country (18). Customizing limits will decrease the alarm load and increase sensitivity to alarms by healthcare staff(18). Ongoing training should be provided to the staff with an aim to have the training environment as closely simulating the real clinical environment as possible(9). Training in the form of showing staff how to troubleshoot alarms should also be implemented. Alarms that have built in ‘intelligent system’ to assist in troubleshooting have shown to be beneficial. In a simulated environment, intelligent alarms helped the anaesthetists solve various breathing circuit faults 62% faster (45 sec to 17 sec)(19). DISCUSSION: Pros and Cons of Literature: There is evidence in the literature on the potential adverse events of alarms and reasons for such events and the severity of this problem. Solutions to improve understanding were also given. There was no study found that dealt with whether staff understood how to operate the alarms properly and to what extent did this problem exist. Information related to the severity of the problem only indicated a problem in understanding and response. However, there was no mention of whether any of the deaths were due to the HP’s not knowing what buttons to press once the alarm came on (eg did they silence the alarm for too long without knowing). This could be a potential barrier in improving understanding since solutions such as ongoing teaching can not be customized effectively. The review of the literature has only taken data from nurses or doctors, but not both. Therefore, comparisons in understanding between doctors and nurses could not be made. Majority of data and studies was done on nurses. However, this is expected since nurses would’ve interacted with the alarms more frequently than doctors since they are more frequently at the bedside of the patient and are the first to react to any alarms of the patient. Also, no studies have been found to compare understanding between HP’s of different specialties. It would be expected that any critical unit, regardless of specialty, would’ve had the same obstacles to monitor alarm understanding since the reasons for alarm fatigue are the same across the specialties. However, knowing of such studies would yield information about which alarm(s) specifically do the staff understand better or worse? Also, there is a possibility that the understanding diminishes when certain machine alarms are simultaneously on (e.g. ventilator machine as well as monitor alarm). As a result, training could be tailored to each specialty and emphasis placed on areas where their understanding is not sufficient. CONCLUSION: The literature review suggests that the level of monitor alarm understanding and response is not sufficient. Also, this problem of monitor alarm response and understanding is serious and not to be taken lightly. In terms of barriers in response and understanding, they include: too many alarms as well as types, low PPV of alarms, inappropriate limits. Also, no studies have been found that stratify this understanding based on staff (ie doctors or nurses) or specialty (e.g. CCU vs NICU). Moreover, the reasons identified for barriers in understanding of alarms did not appear to be different between doctors and nurses. No studies have been found that assess, specifically, whether the HP knew difference in operating the alarm system itself (ie did they press correct button to silence an alarm). The studies looked at whether they reacted to the alarms and if they did, did they carry out the correct response. Solutions proposed include: incorporating delays, having smart alarms, using different modalities for alarms as well as having continuous teaching. HP’s use alarms as one of the inputs in their decision making process. While alarms are there to alert of any physiological variable crossing a limit (in order to not miss a true event), this leads to the PPV being compromised and as such, the confidence and response to such an alarm decreases. Thus, moving forward, it is essential that strategies are aimed to increase the PPV of alarms, decrease the number of alarms themselves, and incorporate continuous teaching to ensure that the input alarms give holds more weight for the HP in the decision making process. Word Count: 1973 (Excluding abstract and methods) REFERENCES: 1.Insights A. [Online]. 2014 [Nov. 21, 2014]. Available from: http://www.anesthesiainsights.com/news/. 2.Aziz MO. Monitor Alarms (CUMH) discussion with Brian (Biomed) and Prof. C. Ryan (Neonatologist). Monitor Alarms in CUMH ed2014. 3.Bitan Y, Meyer J, Shinar D, Zmora E. Nurses’ reactions to alarms in a neonatal intensive care unit. Cogn Tech Work. 2004 2004/11/01;6(4):239-46. English. 4.Drew BJ, Harris P, Zegre-Hemsey JK, Mammone T, Schindler D, Salas-Boni R, et al. Insights into the problem of alarm fatigue with physiologic monitor devices: a comprehensive observational study of consecutive intensive care unit patients. PloS one. 2014;9(10):e110274. PubMed PMID: 25338067. Pubmed Central PMCID: Pmc4206416. Epub 2014/10/23. eng. 5.Schmid F, Goepfert MS, Kuhnt D, Eichhorn V, Diedrichs S, Reichenspurner H, et al. The wolf is crying in the operating room: patient monitor and anesthesia workstation alarming patterns during cardiac surgery. Anesthesia and analgesia. 2011 Jan;112(1):78-83. PubMed PMID: 20966440. Epub 2010/10/23. eng. 6.Institute E. Health Devices: 2010 TOP 10 TECHNOLOGY HAZARDS. US. 7.Institute E. Health Devices: TOP 10 HEALTH TECHNOLOGY HAZARDS FOR 2014. US: ECRI Institute, 2013. 8.(FDA) FaDA. FDA Patient Safety News: Show #106, January 2011: Alarming Monitor Problems. January 2011. Report No. 9.Cvach M. Monitor alarm fatigue: an integrative review. Biomedical instrumentation technology / Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. 2012 Jul-Aug;46(4):268-77. PubMed PMID: 22839984. Epub 2012/07/31. eng. 10.Lawless ST. Crying wolf: false alarms in a pediatric intensive care unit. Critical care medicine. 1994 Jun;22(6):981-5. PubMed PMID: 8205831. Epub 1994/06/01. eng. 11.Gorges M, Markewitz BA, Westenskow DR. Improving alarm performance in the medical intensive care unit using delays and clinical context. Anesthesia and analgesia. 2009 May;108(5):1546-52. PubMed PMID: 19372334. Epub 2009/04/18. eng. 12.Chambrin MC, Ravaux P, Calvelo-Aros D, Jaborska A, Chopin C, Boniface B. Multicentric study of monitoring alarms in the adult intensive care unit (ICU): a descriptive analysis. Intensive care medicine. 1999 Dec;25(12):1360-6. PubMed PMID: 10660842. Epub 2000/02/08. eng. 13.Minoru H, Eiji S, Mototake T, Kenichi K, Hirosuke K, Satoshi W. Characteristics of Auditory Alarms for Medical Equipment and Future Issues. Journal of Clinical Engineering. 2005;30(4):208-. 14.Sobieraj J, Ortega C, West I, Voepel L, Battle S, Robinson D. Audibility of patient clinical alarms to hospital nursing personnel. Military medicine. 2006 Apr;171(4):306-10. PubMed PMID: 16673744. Epub 2006/05/06. eng. 15.McLaren E, Maxwell-Armstrong C. Noise pollution on an acute surgical ward. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 2008 Mar;90(2):136-9. PubMed PMID: 18325214. Pubmed Central PMCID: Pmc2443309. Epub 2008/03/08. eng. 16.Ryherd EE, Waye KP, Ljungkvist L. Characterizing noise and perceived work environment in a neurological intensive care unit. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 2008 Feb;123(2):747-56. PubMed PMID: 18247879. Epub 2008/02/06. eng. 17.Phillips J, Barnsteiner JH. Clinical alarms: improving efficiency and effectiveness. Critical care nursing quarterly. 2005 Oct-Dec;28(4):317-23. PubMed PMID: 16239820. Epub 2005/10/22. eng. 18.Block FE, Jr., Nuutinen L, Ballast B. Optimization of alarms: a study on alarm limits, alarm sounds, and false alarms, intended to reduce annoyance. Journal of clinical monitoring and computing. 1999 Feb;15(2):75-83. PubMed PMID: 12578080. Epub 2003/02/13. eng. 19.Westenskow DR, Orr JA, Simon FH, Bender HJ, Frankenberger H. Intelligent alarms reduce anesthesiologists response time to critical faults. Anesthesiology. 1992 Dec;77(6):1074-9. PubMed PMID: 1466459. Epub 1992/12/01. eng.

Temptation In The Odyssey

This essay is about temptation in the Odyssey, more specifically temptation and its role in the book. Showing how food displays everyday temptation and how Odysseus recklessness causes his own troubled journey home. Temptation in laments terms is the desire to do something you know you shouldn’t do. This theme is something that is repeated constantly throughout the Odyssey in a multitude of ways and for many reasons. It shows on a scale how human and mortal the characters really are.At the two extremes of the scale there are those who are favored by the gods and are even sometimes called â€Å"god like† and there are those who are just mortals, no special treatment from up high. Yet all fall pray to temptation at some point in time, event he great â€Å"god like Odysseus†. You will never see a god fall victim to temptation in the odyssey, for it would ruin the message and meaning of temptation on humanity. It is meant to subtly show that we as humans are imperfec t, that no matter how high we reach and how noble we are we are still mortals and therefor susceptible to any and all mortal weaknesses.We are unable to control it because we are human, and because we are human we are unable to control it. Temptation in the odyssey does more than just hint at and reinforce our humanity in comparison to the gods, it goes much deeper and starts to talk about how as humans we should act and behave. To be fall victim to temptation shows our humanity, but to exaggerate on it and show what happens if you constantly loose to temptation you start to see the difference between a civil human being and a non-civil human. Loosing that civility puts you in a very low place in society.The Odyssey is an encoded â€Å"how to live in Greek society†. It talks about how to be goods hosts, how to treat people, how to behave and on and on the list will go. Temptation by food seems to be mentioned more than any other type of temptation. That is not to say that eve ry time a character eats bread or drinks wine that some greater force tempts him. It also serves as part of a cultural function through banquets for celebration and with the act of xenia through out the book. Food is featured a lot in a lot of the scenes and serves as more of a general statement about temptation in The Odyssey.â€Å"Of all the cities he saw, the minds he grasped, the suffering deep in his heart at sea as he struggled to survive and bring his men home but could not save them, hard as he tried- the fools- destroyed by their own recklessness when they ate the oxen of Hyperion the Sun, and that god snuffed out their day of return†1. The very first scene in the book talks about temptation and the â€Å"recklessness† of Odysseus’s crew. This scene is later depicted when Odysseus is describing his journey to the Phaeacians. Odysseus comes to the island of the Sun, a place filled with herds of immortal cattle and sheep.The island its self presents no im mediate threat the Odysseus and his crew. Odysseus has been warned by Cerci about the Sun’s herds and flocks â€Å"If you leave these unharmed and keep your mind on your journey, you might yet struggle home to Ithaca. But if you harm them, I foretell disaster for your ship and crew, and even if you escape yourself, you shall come home late and badly, having lost all your companions. †2. Odysseus does not even want to stop on the island and push through the night for fear that his crew will be reckless and give into the temptation that walks the island.His crew decides they have had enough for one day and need rest. The Island its self is a sort of temptation, a place to dock their boat and give there bodies rest, yes it would be nice to do that after rowing all day but not really necessary. It is the gods will that they are trapped on the island for a month and are tested yet again. Out of food and wine the crew becomes reckless, they have to decide whether they should forsake the sacred oath they swore to Odysseus to not touch the immortal animals or starve and pray to the gods they will be able to catch enough food to eat.Knock, Knock whose there? Temptation! This could have been the last a final test against Odysseus and his crew before they sailed home, but they were tempted by the gods to slaughter the sacred animals and eat their lives away. This event put Odysseus back quite a ways. On the verge of almost being home the greatest antagonist of all; temptation, walks up on four legs and utterly wins again. Although food is prominently the number one source for temptation but it is not the home run, the granddaddy of them all or the big kahuna of temptation.That spot is reserved for an act of recklessness that the â€Å"god like Odysseus† fell victim to. Kleos is a term used in epic poetry that speaks to the immortal fame or glory of a character. Characters earn it by doing deeds that could possible define who they are. Odysseus makes very little mistakes in the Odyssey. He is constantly praised for not only being strong and cunning physically but mentally as well. Odysseus and his crew came across the land of the Cyclopes. Odysseus was aware of these â€Å"Lawless savages who leave everything up to the gods.†3 Odysseus and his crew see an island just off the shore untouched by man and thriving with animals and nature. That is where they beach their ships in the midst of night. When morning came the crew hunted down a hundred or so goats and feasted all day, while marveling at the Cyclopes across the water from them. Being the intellectual he is Odysseus decides that it would be a good idea to take a few of his men and sail over to an island just of the shore to see â€Å"what those men are like, wild savages with no sense of right or wrong or hospitable folk who fear the gods†4.This is just the beginning of Odysseus’s brief recklessness. That scene makes Odysseus sound like he is just genuin ely interested in meeting a Cyclopes since he never has and maybe never will get this chance again. But, there is and underlying purpose that Odysseus feels is worth perusing. Since he is not sure how the Cyclopes act he is optimistically hoping that he will be treated the way that everyone else has treated him, with xenia. Odysseus is hoping to get food and gifts out of the Cyclopes. This temptation of greed is what locks Odysseus into his lengthy voyage home.If Odysseus was just wanting to look around and seeing the land that of the giants for what it was would have been ok, but Odysseus had already fallen in to the webs of temptation.. They didn’t need anything at this point, they were eating lavishly with an upwards of a hundred goats and sheep where they crew had first landed. They could have eaten and than been on there way. Heading to the high cave that was just off the shoreline Odysseus and his men take a look around and finally meet this giant Cyclopes.His size and strength intimidate Odysseus and his crew into a corner. The Cyclopes asks them who they are. Odysseus answers with a sort of arrogant response that gives you the underlying purpose for wanting to go to the cave. He tells them that they are Greeks blown of course and that he was â€Å"hoping you will be generous to us and give us the gifts that are due to strangers respect the gods, sir. †5 This arrogant response really infuriates the giant. He responds by picking up two of the crewmembers smashing them on the rocks like puppies and eating them limb-by-limb.Eventually Odysseus is able to use his canny mind to hatch a plan and stab the Cyclopes in the eye to escape to his ship. Once he gets on the ship and ready to sail off Odysseus rubs the fact that he tricked the Cyclopes and escapes in his or what ever was left of his eye. He yells â€Å" Cyclopes, if anyone, any mortal man, asks you how you got your eye put out tell him that Odysseus the maurder did it, Son of Laertes, w hose home is Ithaca. † 6 This temptation of Kleos is responsible for all of the trouble that falls upon Odysseus, his crew and even his family.There was no need to yell out your name to the Cyclopes you just blinded except for purposeless glory. Odysseus had already won him self a Kleos, â€Å"God like Odysseus†. The need for more glory blinded Odysseus and ended up being his greatest downfall. Temptation is tough to turn away from. The human world is filled with it, in fiction and the real world. The Odyssey uses temptation to show how human we really are and how easy it is to succumb to the temptation that the world offers.Homer uses food to show how easily one can be tempted as well as how much temptation there is in the world. Homer also shows that no matter how high you climb in life even if you become god like, you are still human and therefore fallible. Odysseus proved that with his reckless behavior while in the land of the giants. Through the use of food Homer is able to show how temptation is everywhere and that it is in our human nature to fall victim. Homer also shows that even the mightiest of men can slip and fall sometimes through Odysseus trials and tribulations.